Facts and Figures:
President: Traian Basescu (2004)
Prime Minister: Calin Popescu-
Tariceanu (2004)
Area: 91,699 sq mi (237,500 sq km)
Population (2005 est.): 22,329,977
(growth rate: –0.1%); birth rate: 10.7
/1000; infant mortality rate: 26.4/1000;
life expectancy: 71.3; density per sq
mi: 244
Capital and largest city (2003 est.):
Bucharest, 2,210,800 (metro. area),
1,906,800 (city proper)
Other large cities: Iasi, 320,000; Cluj-
Napoca, 316,400; Timisoara,
316,100; Constanta, 309,000;
Craiova, 301,100, Galati, 297,100;
Brasov, 282,500
Monetary unit: Leu
Languages: Romanian (official),
Hungarian, German
Ethnicity/race: Romanian 89.5%,
Hungarian 6.6%, Roma (Gyspy) 2.5%,
Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%,
Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other
0.4% (2002)
Religions: Romanian Orthodox 87%,
Protestant 6.8%, Roman Catholic
5.6%, other (mostly Islam) 0.4%,
unaffiliated 0.2% (2002)
Literacy rate: 98% (2003 est.)
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2004
est.): $171.5 billion; per capita $7,700.
Real growth rate: 8.1%. Inflation: 9.6%.
Unemployment: 6.3%. Arable land:
41%. Agriculture: wheat, corn, barley,
sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes,
grapes; eggs, sheep. Labor force:
9.66 million; agriculture 31.6%,
industry 30.7%, services 37.7%
(2004). Industries: textiles and
footwear, light machinery and auto
assembly, mining, timber, construction
materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food
processing, petroleum refining. Natural
resources: petroleum (reserves
declining), timber, natural gas, coal,
iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower.
Exports: $23.54 billion (f.o.b., 2004
est.): textiles and footwear, metals and
metal products, machinery and
equipment, minerals and fuels,
chemicals, agricultural products.
Imports: $28.43 billion (f.o.b., 2004
est.): machinery and equipment, fuels
and minerals, chemicals, textile and
products, basic metals, agricultural
products. Major trading partners: Italy,
Germany, France, UK, Turkey, Russia
(2003).
Communications: Telephones: main
lines in use: 3.777 million (1997);
mobile cellular: 645,500 (1999). Radio
broadcast stations: AM 40, FM 202,
shortwave 3 (1998). Radios: 7.2
million (1997). Television broadcast
stations: 48 (plus 392 repeaters)
(1995). Televisions: 5.25 million
(1997). Internet Service Providers
(ISPs): 38 (2000). Internet users: 1
million (2002).
Transportation: Railways: total: 11,385
km (3,888 km electrified) (2002).
Highways: total: 198,603 km; paved:
98,308 km (including 113 km of
expressways); unpaved: 100,295 km
(2000). Waterways: 1,724 km (1984).
Ports and harbors: Braila, Constanta,
Galati, Mangalia, Sulina, Tulcea.
Airports: 65 (2002).
International disputes: has not resolved
claims to Ukrainian-administered
Zmyinyy (Snake) Island and Black Sea
maritime boundary despite ongoing
talks based on 1997 friendship treaty
to find a solution in two years; joint
boundary commission is rectifying
boundary with Bulgaria based on shifts
in Danube since last delimitation in
1920; Hungary has yet to amend
status law extending special social
and cultural benefits to ethnic
Hungarians in Romania, who protest
the law.
President: Traian Basescu (2004)
Prime Minister: Calin Popescu-
Tariceanu (2004)
Area: 91,699 sq mi (237,500 sq km)
Population (2005 est.): 22,329,977
(growth rate: –0.1%); birth rate: 10.7
/1000; infant mortality rate: 26.4/1000;
life expectancy: 71.3; density per sq
mi: 244
Capital and largest city (2003 est.):
Bucharest, 2,210,800 (metro. area),
1,906,800 (city proper)
Other large cities: Iasi, 320,000; Cluj-
Napoca, 316,400; Timisoara,
316,100; Constanta, 309,000;
Craiova, 301,100, Galati, 297,100;
Brasov, 282,500
Monetary unit: Leu
Languages: Romanian (official),
Hungarian, German
Ethnicity/race: Romanian 89.5%,
Hungarian 6.6%, Roma (Gyspy) 2.5%,
Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%,
Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other
0.4% (2002)
Religions: Romanian Orthodox 87%,
Protestant 6.8%, Roman Catholic
5.6%, other (mostly Islam) 0.4%,
unaffiliated 0.2% (2002)
Literacy rate: 98% (2003 est.)
Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2004
est.): $171.5 billion; per capita $7,700.
Real growth rate: 8.1%. Inflation: 9.6%.
Unemployment: 6.3%. Arable land:
41%. Agriculture: wheat, corn, barley,
sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes,
grapes; eggs, sheep. Labor force:
9.66 million; agriculture 31.6%,
industry 30.7%, services 37.7%
(2004). Industries: textiles and
footwear, light machinery and auto
assembly, mining, timber, construction
materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food
processing, petroleum refining. Natural
resources: petroleum (reserves
declining), timber, natural gas, coal,
iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower.
Exports: $23.54 billion (f.o.b., 2004
est.): textiles and footwear, metals and
metal products, machinery and
equipment, minerals and fuels,
chemicals, agricultural products.
Imports: $28.43 billion (f.o.b., 2004
est.): machinery and equipment, fuels
and minerals, chemicals, textile and
products, basic metals, agricultural
products. Major trading partners: Italy,
Germany, France, UK, Turkey, Russia
(2003).
Communications: Telephones: main
lines in use: 3.777 million (1997);
mobile cellular: 645,500 (1999). Radio
broadcast stations: AM 40, FM 202,
shortwave 3 (1998). Radios: 7.2
million (1997). Television broadcast
stations: 48 (plus 392 repeaters)
(1995). Televisions: 5.25 million
(1997). Internet Service Providers
(ISPs): 38 (2000). Internet users: 1
million (2002).
Transportation: Railways: total: 11,385
km (3,888 km electrified) (2002).
Highways: total: 198,603 km; paved:
98,308 km (including 113 km of
expressways); unpaved: 100,295 km
(2000). Waterways: 1,724 km (1984).
Ports and harbors: Braila, Constanta,
Galati, Mangalia, Sulina, Tulcea.
Airports: 65 (2002).
International disputes: has not resolved
claims to Ukrainian-administered
Zmyinyy (Snake) Island and Black Sea
maritime boundary despite ongoing
talks based on 1997 friendship treaty
to find a solution in two years; joint
boundary commission is rectifying
boundary with Bulgaria based on shifts
in Danube since last delimitation in
1920; Hungary has yet to amend
status law extending special social
and cultural benefits to ethnic
Hungarians in Romania, who protest
the law.
- Background and History of Africa
- Cost of Living in Africa
- Religious Demographics in Africa
- Christian Persecution in Africa
- Currency in Africa
- Health in Africa
- Bible Colleges and Eduction in Africa
- Current Missionaries in Africa
- Preparation: Need to Know About Africa
- Food in Africa
- Missionary Resources in Africa
- United States Embassy in Africa
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